Thyroid hormones (THs) play an obligatory role in many fundamental processes underlying
brain development and maturation. The developing embryo/fetus is dependent on maternal …

Iodine is an essential micronutrient incorporated into thyroid hormones. Although iodine
deficiency can lead to a broad spectrum of disorders throughout life, it is most critical in the …

Abstract The Na+/I− symporter (NIS) is the plasma membrane glycoprotein that mediates
active I− transport in the thyroid and other tissues, such as salivary glands, stomach …

An adverse maternal hormonal environment during pregnancy can be associated with
abnormal brain growth. Subtle changes in fetal brain development have been observed …

Through its actions on regulatory genes that form, grow and sculpt the brain, thyroid
hormone (TH) is essential for human brain development. Although much of what we know …

Synthetic chemicals with endocrine disrupting properties are pervasive in the environment
and are present in the bodies of humans and wildlife. As thyroid hormones (THs) control …

The widely used fungicide mancozeb has been shown to cause hypothyroxinemia and other
adverse effects on the thyroid hormone system in adult experimental animals. In humans …

Adequate iodine nutrition is crucial for all mammals by playing his starring role as a
component of thyroid hormones, which are key regulators of cellular processes for life such …

Isolated maternal hypothyroxinemia (IMH) during pregnancy is defined as a low maternal T
4 in the absence of TSH elevation. As IMH is common, with a prevalence of 1–2% in iodine …

Isolated maternal hypothyroxinemia (IMH) during pregnancy is defined as a low maternal T4
in the absence of TSH elevation. As IMH is common, with a prevalence of 1–2% in iodine …