Understanding the plant immune system is crucial for using genetics to protect crops from
diseases. Plants resist pathogens via a two-tiered innate immune detection-and-response …

Plants have both cell-surface and intracellular receptors to recognize diverse self-and non-
self molecules. Cell-surface pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) recognize extracellular …

Nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) are major immune receptors in
plants and animals. Upon activation, the Arabidopsis NLR protein ZAR1 forms a pentameric …

Plant intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) detect pathogen
effectors to trigger immune responses. Indirect recognition of a pathogen effector by the …

Plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) regulate immunity and cell
death. In Arabidopsis, a subfamily of “helper” NLRs is required by many “sensor” NLRs …

INTRODUCTION Discrimination of self from nonself is pivotal for cellular organisms, as it
allows the perception of pathogenic invaders that might otherwise multiply unchecked and …

The plant immune system involves cell-surface receptors that detect intercellular pathogen-
derived molecules, and intracellular receptors that activate immunity upon detection of …

Plants employ numerous cell-surface and intracellular immune receptors to perceive a
variety of immunogenic signals associated with pathogen infection and subsequently …

Nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) perceive pathogen effectors to
trigger plant immunity. The direct recognition mechanism of pathogen effectors by coiled-coil …

Plant pathogens compromise crop yields. Plants have evolved robust innate immunity that
depends in part on intracellular Nucleotide‐binding, Leucine rich‐Repeat (NLR) immune …