Classical models have traditionally focused on the left posterior inferior frontal gyrus (Broca's
area) as a key region for motor planning of speech production. However, converging …

Purpose Surgery for infiltrative gliomas aims to balance tumor removal with preservation of
functional integrity. The usefulness of intraoperative stimulation mapping (ISM) has not been …

OBJECT Awake craniotomy is currently a useful surgical approach to help identify and
preserve functional areas during cortical and subcortical tumor resections. Methodologies …

The surgical management of brain tumors is based on the principle that the extent of
resection improves patient outcomes. Traditionally, neurosurgeons have considered that …

Diffuse low-grade glioma grows, migrates along white matter tracts, and progresses to high-
grade glioma. Rather than a “wait and see” policy, an aggressive attitude is now …

Question Should patients with imaging suggestive of low grade glioma (LGG) undergo
observation versus treatment involving a surgical procedure? Target population These …

BACKGROUND: High-definition fiber tracking (HDFT) is a novel combination of processing,
reconstruction, and tractography methods that can track white matter fibers from cortex …

Object The authors developed a new mapping technique to overcome the temporal and
spatial limitations of classic subcortical mapping of the corticospinal tract (CST). The …

Epilepsy is a debilitating neurological disorder affecting approximately 1% of the world's
population. Drug-resistant focal epilepsies are potentially surgically remediable. Although …

BACKGROUND: Complete resection of contrast-enhancing tumor has been recognized as
an important prognostic factor in patients with glioblastoma and is a primary goal of surgery …