BACKGROUND Although thermal expansion of seawater and melting of mountain glaciers
have dominated global mean sea level (GMSL) rise over the last century, mass loss from the …

The oscillations between glacial and interglacial climate conditions over the past three
million years have been characterized by a transfer of immense amounts of water between …

We use numerical climate simulations, paleoclimate data, and modern observations to study
the effect of growing ice melt from Antarctica and Greenland. Meltwater tends to stabilize the …

Originally published in 1989, Karst Geomorphology and Hydrology became the leading
textbook on karst studies. This new textbook has been substantially revised and updated …

Abstract The approximately 10,000-year-long Last Glacial Maximum, before the termination
of the last ice age, was the coldest period in Earth's recent climate history. Relative to the …

Thorium-230 ages and oxygen isotope ratios of stalagmites from Dongge Cave, China,
characterize the Asian Monsoon and low-latitude precipitation over the past 160,000 years …

Since the recognition in the mid-19th century that glaciers had been considerably more
extensive than at present, the Quaternary (Pleistocene and Holocene series) has been …

Abstract The Last Interglacial (MIS 5e, 128–116 ka) is among the most studied past periods
in Earth's history. The climate at that time was warmer than today, primarily due to different …

The deep-sea sediment oxygen isotopic composition (δ18O) record is dominated by a
100,000-year cyclicity that is universally interpreted as the main ice-age rhythm. Here, the …

• The sustained rate of increase over the past century in the combined radiative forcing from
the three well-mixed greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous …