Modern health care has brought our society innumerable benefits but has also introduced
the experience of pain very early in life. For example, it is now routine care for newborns to …

Paediatric pain and its assessment and management are challenging for medical
professionals, especially in an urgent care environment. Patients in a paediatric emergency …

Animal sentience refers to the capacity of animals to feel both positive and negative
emotions including that of pain. As veterinary health professionals, we have a medical and …

Very preterm human neonates are exposed to numerous invasive procedures as part of life-
saving care. Evidence suggests that repetitive neonatal procedural pain precedes long-term …

Abstract Effects of early life psychosocial adversity have received a great deal of attention,
such as maternal separation in experimental animal models and abuse/neglect in young …

Previously our laboratory has shown that ketamine exposure (24h of clinically relevant
anesthesia) causes significant increases in neuronal cell death in perinatal rhesus monkeys …

Very preterm birth (VPT;< 32 weeks of gestation) has been associated with an increased risk
to develop cognitive and socio-emotional problems, as well as with increased vulnerability …

Background Needle‐related procedures are a common source of pain and distress for
children. Several psychological (cognitive‐behavioral) interventions to help manage or …

The study of pain development has come into its own. Reaping the rewards of years of
developmental and molecular biology, it has now become possible to translate fundamental …

Background Altered brain development is evident in children born very preterm (24–32
weeks gestational age), including reduction in gray and white matter volumes, and thinner …