" Knowledge commons" describes the institutionalized community governance of the sharing
and, in some cases, creation, of information, science, knowledge, data, and other types of …

Our music, our culture, our science and our economic welfare all depend on a delicate
balance between those ideas that are controlled and those that are free, between …

Economics is based on scarcity. Things are valuable because they are scarce. The more
abundant they become, the cheaper they become. But a series of technological changes is …

The Maine lobster fishery has been recognized as a successful example of a managed
natural resource commons. To ensure an ongoing supply of lobster in the face of threats to …

In this Article, we contend that the World Intellectual Property Organization's proposed
Substantive Patent Law Treaty (SPLT) is premature. Developing countries are struggling to …

Developing countries, particularly the BRIC countries of Brazil, Russia, India, and China,
should accommodate their national systems of innovation to the worldwide intellectual …

Arguments for strong intellectual property protection proceed on the assumption that
exclusive rights are necessary to generate the incentives that encourage intellectual …

The novelty of synthetic biology lies in the use of synthesized parts that can be arranged to
make useful products. Such advanced, high-throughput genetic engineering projects …

Background Realizing constructive applications of synthetic biology requires continued
development of enabling technologies as well as policies and practices to ensure these …

Much scholarly attention has focused on possible impediments to both science and
innovation arising from extensions of patent protection to research tools and to other …