Macrophages are innate immune cells that form a 3D network in all our tissues, where they
phagocytose dying cells and cell debris, immune complexes, bacteria and other waste …

Microglia are emerging as critical regulators of neuronal function and behavior in nearly
every area of neuroscience. Initial reports focused on classical immune functions of …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by synaptic loss, which can result from
dysfunctional microglial phagocytosis and complement activation. However, what signals …

As resident macrophages of the central nervous system (CNS), microglia are associated
with diverse functions essential to the developing and adult brain during homeostasis and …

Ischemic stroke caused by arterial occlusion is the most common type of stroke, which is
among the most frequent causes of disability and death worldwide. Current treatment …

Microglia activation is observed in various neurodegenerative diseases. Recent advances in
single-cell technologies have revealed that these reactive microglia were with high spatial …

Atherosclerotic plaques develop in the inner intimal layer of arteries and can cause heart
attacks and strokes. As plaques lack innervation, the effects of neuronal control on …

Microglia, the brain's resident macrophages, help to regulate brain function by removing
dying neurons, pruning non-functional synapses, and producing ligands that support …

Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) present with both extracellular amyloid-β (Aβ)
plaques and intracellular tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. For many years …

The immune system of the central nervous system (CNS) consists primarily of innate
immune cells. These are highly specialized macrophages found either in the parenchyma …