The majority of commodity plastics and materials are derived from petroleum-based
chemicals, illustrating the strong dependence on products derived from non-renewable …

The secondary wall is the main part of wood and is composed of cellulose, xylan, lignin, and
small amounts of structural proteins and enzymes. Lignin molecules can interact directly or …

Environmental issues and constantly diminishing petroleum resources are considerable
barriers inhibiting modernization, and vast efforts have been exerted to address these …

Lignins are complex natural polymers resulting from oxidative coupling of, primarily, 4-
hydroxyphenylpropanoids. An understanding of their nature is evolving as a result of …

Lignin is a polymer of aromatic subunits usually derived from phenylalanine. It serves as a
matrix around the polysaccharide components of some plant cell walls, providing additional …

Hydroxycinnamates incorporate into lignins by various mechanisms. The polysaccharide
esters of ferulate, in particular, and the range of dehydrodiferulates and higher oligomers in …

Over the past four decades, there has been immense progress in every area of lignin
science, ranging from the enzymology of lignin biodegradation, to the delignification of wood …

Transgenic alfalfa plants were generated harboring caffeic acid 3-O-methyltransferase
(COMT) and caffeoyl CoA 3-O-methyltransferase (CCOMT) cDNA sequences under control …

Providing comprehensive coverage of the biological activities and industrial applications of
Chitin, Chitosan, oligosaccharides, and their derivatives, this book presents a balance of …

Nowadays crude oil and natural gas are the main sources for the production of fuels and
feedstock chemicals. The resources are limited and the application of (renewable) …