Excessive sulfate concentrations in industrial wastewater present significant environmental
and operational challenges, including equipment corrosion, scaling, and adverse effects on …

Precipitation of sparingly soluble salts is a common issue in water treatment processes and
oil and gas production systems. Precipitation occurs when incompatible brine mix and …

The Dunhuang murals, a significant part of Chinese heritage, have suffered deterioration
primarily due to environmental and chemical factors, notably salt damage. This study …

A simple predictive analytical model for induction times in reverse osmosis (RO), both with
and without an antiscalant (AS), has been developed based on the fundamental principles …

By-product gypsum, produced through the traditional neutralization precipitation method for
treating industrial acidic wastewater, is difficult to recycle due to its high moisture content. In …

The Dunhuang murals are a precious treasure of China's cultural heritage, yet they have
long been affected by salt damage. Traditional methods for detecting salt content are costly …

The particle size distribution (PSD) of substances is important to their transportation and
packaging. The crystal nucleation kinetics measured from the metastable zone width …