Cell-free biology is the activation of biological processes without the use of intact living cells.
It has been used for more than 50 years across the life sciences as a foundational research …

Cell-free gene expression (CFE) emerged as an alternative approach to living cells for
specific applications in protein synthesis and labelling for structural biology and proteomics …

As synthetic biology permeates society, the signal processing circuits in engineered living
systems must be customized to meet practical demands. Towards this mission, novel …

The new generation of cell-free gene expression systems enables the prototyping and
engineering of biological systems in vitro over a remarkable scope of applications and …

Cell-free gene expression (CFE) systems empower synthetic biologists to build biological
molecules and processes outside of living intact cells. The foundational principle is that …

mRNA degradation is a central process that affects all gene expression levels, and yet, the
determinants that control mRNA decay rates remain poorly characterized. Here, we applied …

Dynamic, multi-input gene regulatory networks (GRNs) are ubiquitous in nature. Multilayer
CRISPR-based genetic circuits hold great promise for building GRNs akin to those found in …

The cell-free molecular synthesis of biochemical systems is a rapidly growing field of
research. Advances in the Human Genome Project, DNA synthesis, and other technologies …

Cell-free protein synthesis has been widely used as a “breadboard” for design of synthetic
genetic networks. However, due to a severe lack of modularity, forward engineering of …

Feedback mechanisms play a critical role in the maintenance of cell homeostasis in the
presence of disturbances and uncertainties. Motivated by the need to tune the dynamics and …