Thyroid disorders in infancy, childhood and adolescence represent common and usually
treatable endocrine disorders. Thyroid hormones are essential for normal development and …

The cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) is an important fetal midline forebrain landmark, and
its absence often signifies additional underlying malformations. Frequently detected by …

Schizencephaly is a rare congenital brain defect characterized by gray matter lined clefts of
the cerebral mantle, frequently accompanied by other defects of the CNS such as absence …

OBJECTIVE: To study the distribution of septo-optic dysplasia (SOD) and optic nerve
hypoplasia (ONH) in the Greater Manchester and Lancashire (GM&L) region of Northwest …

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is defined as thyroid hormone deficiency present at birth.
Babies with CH who are not identified and treated promptly develop severe mental …

The purpose of this article is to discuss some common cerebral lesions that may be detected
during prenatal screening: corpus callosum dysgenesis, absent septum pellucidum …

Abstract Background Isolated Septal Agenesis (SA) is a rare disease with clinical outcomes
(especially neurological outcomes) that are unknown. The purpose of this study was to …

Congenital anomalies of the optic disc underlie many cases of decreased vision, strabismus,
and nystagmus in childhood. A comprehensive evaluation necessitates an understanding of …

Septo‐optic dysplasia (SOD) is a heterogeneous disorder. While most cases represent an
isolated defect, SOD has also been seen in association with mutations in single genes, as a …

Background: Primary septal agenesis (PSA) is a rare brain malformation that can be isolated
or part of developmental brain abnormalities (holoprosencephaly, septo-optic dysplasia or …