Human hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a small enveloped DNA virus with a complex life cycle. It is
the causative agent of acute and chronic hepatitis. HBV can resist immune system …

In this review we give a brief update on sensors recently determined to be capable of
detecting HBV, and examine how the virus represses the induction of pro-inflammatory …

Interferon-α (IFNα) signaling is essential for antiviral response via induction of IFN-
stimulated genes (ISGs). Through a non-biased high-throughput RNAi screening of 711 …

Background & Aims Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is sensitive to interferon (IFN)-based
therapy, whereas hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is not. It is unclear whether HBV escapes …

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a major health burden worldwide for which
there is still no effective curative treatment. Interferon (IFN) consists of a group of cytokines …

Autophagy has been linked to a wide range of functions, including a degradative process
that defends host cells against pathogens. Although the involvement of autophagy in HBV …

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection affects approximately 300 million people worldwide.
Although antiviral therapies have improved the long-term outcomes, patients often require …

Exosomes can transfer genetic materials between cells. Their roles in viral infections are
beginning to be appreciated. Researches have shown that exosomes released from virus …

Hepadnavirus covalently closed circular (ccc) DNA is the bona fide viral transcription
template, which plays a pivotal role in viral infection and persistence. Upon infection, the non …

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a major cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and
hepatocellular carcinoma in humans. We showed previously that HCV induces autophagy …