Executive summary Despite substantial progress in reducing the global impact of many non-
communicable diseases, including heart disease and cancer, morbidity and mortality due to …

Objective To review and synthesise the global evidence regarding the health effects of
electronic cigarettes (e‐cigarettes, vapes). Study design Umbrella review (based on major …

Evidence review of e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products 2018 Page 1 Evidence review of
e-cigarettes and heated tobacco products 2018 A report commissioned by Public Health …

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are alternative, non-combustible tobacco products that
generate an inhalable aerosol containing nicotine, flavors, propylene glycol, and vegetable …

Background Use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) is prevalent among adolescents and
young adults, but there has been limited knowledge about health consequences in human …

Since the spread of tobacco from the Americas hundreds of years ago, tobacco cigarettes
and, more recently, alternative tobacco products have become global products of nicotine …

Introduction E-cigarettes deliver an aerosol of nicotine by heating a liquid and are promoted
as an alternative to combustible tobacco. This study determines the longitudinal …

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes or e-cigs) are designed to heat and aerosolize mixtures of
vegetable glycerin, propylene glycol, nicotine, and flavoring additives, thus delivering …

Studies on the health effects of combustible tobacco have focused on physical disease
endpoints (eg, cancer, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease). However, combustible …

Cardiovascular safety is an important consideration in the debate on the benefits versus the
risks of electronic cigarette (EC) use. EC emissions that might have adverse effects on …