ABSTRACT The Chang'e-5 (CE-5) mission, the first return of lunar samples to Earth since
the Apollo and Luna missions more than 44 years ago, landed on one of the youngest mare …

The past two decades of lunar exploration have seen the detection of substantial quantities
of water on the Moon's surface. It has been proposed that a hydrated layer exists at depth in …

The lunar basalt samples returned by the Chang'e-5 mission erupted about 2.0 billion years
ago during the late period of the Moon's secular cooling. The conditions of mantle melting in …

This study focuses on using the chemical compositions of plagioclase to further investigate
the petrogenesis of Chang'E-5 young mare basalts and constrain its parental melt …

There is extensive geologic evidence of ancient volcanic activity on the Moon, but it is
unclear how long that volcanism persisted. Magma fountains produce volcanic glasses …

Glasses cooled from impact melt and vapor are a common component in lunar regolith,
carrying important information about protolith composition, regolith formation, and impact …

Highly evolved lithology distributes across the Moon sparsely but serves as a critical record
of the extensive differentiation processes of lunar magmas. In contrast to the Apollo-returned …

Lunar glasses with different origins act as snapshots of their formation processes, providing
a rich archive of the Moon's formation and evolution. Here, we reveal diverse glasses from …

Abstract The U (Pb)-Pb age of zircon is commonly used to represent the crystallization age
for igneous rocks due to its high closure temperature and robust resistance to impact …

The lunar regolith layer preserves abundant information on the internal properties of the
Moon as well as the space-surface interactions. By gardening and overturning through time …