Background Concentrations of endogenous sex hormones fluctuate across the menstrual
cycle (MC), which could have implications for exercise performance in women. At present …

Abstract Background Oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) are double agents, which
downregulate endogenous concentrations of oestradiol and progesterone whilst …

Sex‐related differences in physiology and anatomy are responsible for profound differences
in neuromuscular performance and fatigability between men and women. Women are …

Soccer is the most commonly played sport in the world, with an estimated 265 million active
soccer players by 2006. Inherent to this sport is the higher risk of injury to the anterior …

Sex hormone concentrations of eumenorrheic women typically fluctuate across the
menstrual cycle and can affect neural function such that estrogen has neuroexcitatory …

Resistance exercise has been shown to elicit a significant acute hormonal response. It
appears that this acute response is more critical to tissue growth and remodelling than …

The mechanism underlying gender disparity in anterior cruciate ligament injury risk is likely
multifactorial in nature. Several theories have been proposed to explain the mechanisms …

This study assessed the integrative neural and contractile determinants of human knee
extension explosive force production. Forty untrained participants performed voluntary and …

There is an increasing interest in female athletic performance—especially concerning the
impact of the female menstrual cycle on training response. Indeed, fluctuations in female sex …

This article reviews the potential effects of the female steroid hormone fluctuations during the
menstrual cycle on exercise performance. The measurement of estrogen and progesterone …