Avian malaria is a worldwide mosquito‐borne disease caused by Plasmodium parasites.
These parasites occur in many avian species but primarily affect passerine birds that have …

Interacting pathogens and hosts have evolved reciprocal adaptations whose function is to
allow host exploitation (from the pathogen stand point) or minimize the cost of infection (from …

Vector‐borne diseases cause significant financial and human loss, with billions of dollars
spent on control. Arthropod vectors experience a complex suite of environmental factors that …

Transmission of avian malaria in the Hawaiian Islands varies across altitudinal gradients
and is greatest at elevations below 1500 m where both temperature and moisture are …

Hawaiian forest birds serve as an ideal group to explore the extent of climate change
impacts on at-risk species. Avian malaria constrains many remaining Hawaiian forest bird …

Knowing the genetic variation that occurs in pathogen populations and how it is distributed
across geographical areas is essential to understand parasite epidemiology, local patterns …

Avian malaria, transmitted by Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in the Hawaiian Islands,
has been a primary contributor to population range limitations, declines, and extinctions for …

Introduced vector-borne diseases, particularly avian malaria (Plasmodium relictum) and
avian pox virus (Avipoxvirus spp.), continue to play significant roles in the decline and …

Wildlife diseases can present significant threats to ecological systems and biological
diversity, as well as domestic animal and human health. However, determining the dynamics …

Background Culex pipiens complex taxa differ in behaviour, ecophysiology and
epidemiologic importance. Despite their epidemiologic significance, information on genetic …