We extend the conceptualization of the social and health burdens of household water
insecurity on children beyond the traditional narrow lens of microbiological pathogens and …

Background Lack of access to safe water remains a significant risk factor for poor health in
developing countries. There has been little research into the health effects of frequently …

During the past two decades human exposure to bisphenol A (BPA) and phthalates such as
di-iso-butyl phthalate (DiBP), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP), butylbenzyl phthalate (BBzP) and …

The global burden of fetching water, particularly its effects on individuals and societies, is
largely unknown because comparative analysis of the global data available is incomplete …

Introduction The work of carrying water falls mainly on women and children, particularly in
sub-Saharan Africa and rural areas. While concerns have been raised, how water carriage …

Hundreds of millions of people worldwide lack adequate access to water. Water insecurity,
which is defined as having limited or uncertain availability of safe water or the ability to …

Background Millions of people carry water home from off-plot sources each day and lack
improved sanitation. Research on the health outcomes associated with water fetching is …

Background The Sustainable Development Goals include commitments to end poverty, and
promote education for all, gender equality, the availability of water and decent work for all …

Background Safe drinking water is a fundamental human right, yet more than 785 million
people do not have access to it. The burden of water management disproportionately falls …

Across sub-Saharan Africa, women and children play major roles as pedestrian load-
transporters, in the widespread absence of basic sanitation services, electricity and …