Investigations into the mixed muscle–secretory phenotype of cardiomyocytes from the atrial
appendages of the heart led to the discovery that these cells produce, in a regulated …

Nitric oxide (NO) is a key signalling molecule in the cardiovascular, immune and central
nervous systems, and crucial steps in the regulation of NO bioavailability in health and …

Abstract cGMP controls many cellular functions ranging from growth, viability, and
differentiation to contractility, secretion, and ion transport. The mammalian genome encodes …

Therapeutic options for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) have increased over the last
decades. The advent of pharmacological therapies targeting the prostacyclin, endothelin …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a syndrome in which pulmonary arterial
obstruction increases pulmonary vascular resistance, which leads to right ventricular (RV) …

Cyclic guanosine 3', 5'-monophosphate (cGMP) mediates a wide spectrum of physiologic
processes in multiple cell types within the cardiovascular system. Dysfunctional signaling at …

Nitric oxide is an endogenous pulmonary vasodilator that is synthesized from L-arginine in
pulmonary vascular endothelial cells by nitric oxide synthase and diffuses to adjacent …

Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are a superfamily of enzymes that hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides.
While the 11 PDE subfamilies share common features, key differences confer signaling …

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a vascular disorder associated with high morbidity
and mortality rate and is characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling and increased …

Natriuretic peptides play a fundamental role in cardiovascular homeostasis by modulation of
fluid and electrolyte balance and vascular tone. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) represents …