We propose a new flowchart for the treatment of acute cholecystitis (AC) in the Tokyo
Guidelines 2018 (TG18). Grade III AC was not indicated for straightforward laparoscopic …

Percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) has become an important procedure for the treatment
of acute cholecystitis (AC). PC is currently applied for patients who cannot undergo …

Background Although early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is widely performed for acute
cholecystitis, the optimal timing of a cholecystectomy in clinically ill patients remains …

The diagnosis and management of acute cholecystitis (AC) continues to evolve. Among the
most common surgically treated conditions in the USA, appropriate diagnosis and …

Background In high-risk and unfit-for-surgery patients with acute cholecystitis (AC), treatment
options are controversial. Few studies have reported the results of long-term follow-up. This …

Dealing with acute cholecystitis in high-risk, critically ill, and unfit-for-surgery patients is
frequent during daily practice and requires complex management. Several procedures exist …

Abstract Background The Tokyo guideline for acute cholecystitis recommended
percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage followed by cholecystectomy for severe …

Acute cholecystitis is a common serious complication of gallstones. The reported mortality of
acute cholecystitis is approximately 3%, but the rate increases with age or comorbidity of the …

Background In low-risk patients with acute cholecystitis who did not respond to nonoperative
treatment, we prospectively compared treatment with emergency laparoscopic …

Background Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is the treatment of choice for acute
cholecystitis. However, the morbidity and mortality rates are high in elderly patients or in …