Most swimming bacteria are capable of following gradients of nutrients, signaling molecules
and other environmental factors that affect bacterial physiology. This tactic behavior became …

Surface curvature both emerges from, and influences the behavior of, living objects at length
scales ranging from cell membranes to single cells to tissues and organs. The relevance of …

Medical micro/nanorobots have received tremendous attention over the past decades owing
to their potential to be navigated into hard-to-reach tissues for a number of biomedical …

Differently from passive Brownian particles, active particles, also known as self-propelled
Brownian particles or microswimmers and nanoswimmers, are capable of taking up energy …

The advent of autonomous self-propulsion has instigated research towards making colloidal
machines that can deliver mechanical work in the form of transport, and other functions such …

Biohybrid microrobots, composed of a living organism integrated with an artificial carrier,
offer great advantages for the miniaturization of devices with onboard actuation, sensing …

Self-propelled bacteria can be integrated into synthetic micromachines and act as biological
propellers. So far, proposed designs suffer from low reproducibility, large noise levels or lack …

We review the literature on swimming in complex fluids. A classification is proposed by
comparing the length-and timescales of a swimmer with those of nearby obstacles …

Active systems are driven out of equilibrium by exchanging energy and momentum with their
environment. This endows them with anomalous mechanical properties that are reviewed in …

Self-propelled particles, both biological and synthetic, are stably trapped by walls and
develop high concentration peaks over bounding surfaces. In swimming bacteria, like E. coli …