Most species have one or more natural enemies, eg, predators, parasites, pathogens, and
herbivores, among others. These species in turn typically attack multiple victim species. This …

Phages are the obligate parasite of bacteria and have complex interactions with their hosts.
Phages can live in, modify, and shape bacterial communities by bringing about changes in …

Classical theory shows that large communities are destabilized by random interactions
among species pairs, creating an upper bound on ecosystem diversity. However, species …

Determinants of species diversity in microbial ecosystems remain poorly understood.
Bacteriophages are believed to increase the diversity by the virtue of Kill-the-Winner …

Viruses are integral members of the human microbiome. Many of the viruses comprising the
human virome have been identified as bacteriophage, and little is known about how they …

Bacteriophages (phages or bacterial viruses) are the most abundant biological entities in
our planet; their influence reaches far beyond the microorganisms they parasitize. Phages …

Phage predation is generally assumed to reduce microbial proliferation while not
contributing to the spread of antibiotic resistance. However, this assumption does not …

Phages and bacteria manage to coexist and sustain ecosystems with a high diversity of
strains, despite limited resources and heavy predation. This diversity can be explained by …

Bacteria form colonies and secrete extracellular polymeric substances that surround the
individual cells. These spatial structures are often associated with collaboration and quorum …

There is a growing realization among community ecologists that interactions between
species vary across space and time and that this variation needs to be quantified. Our …