Autophagy is a conserved lysosomal degradation pathway where cellular components are
dynamically degraded and re-processed to maintain physical homeostasis. However, the …

The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) has gathered significant attention as a
ubiquitously expressed multimeric kinase with key implications for cell growth, proliferation …

Atherosclerotic diseases such as myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke and peripheral
artery disease continue to be leading causes of death worldwide despite the success of …

Autophagy controls cellular remodeling and quality control. Dysregulated autophagy has
been implicated in several human diseases including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular …

Atherosclerotic vascular disease and its complications are among the top causes of mortality
worldwide. In the vascular lumen, atherosclerotic plaques are not randomly distributed …

The vascular endothelium is a layer of cells lining the inner surface of vessels, serving as a
barrier that mediates microenvironment homeostasis. Deterioration of either the structure or …

Human mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSCs) are mechanically sensitive undergoing
phenotypic alterations when subjected to shear stress, cell aggregation, and substrate …

Vascular endothelial cells (VECs), which are lined up in the inner surface of blood vessels,
are in direct contact with the metabolite-related endogenous danger signals in the …

In mammalian cells, autophagy is the major pathway for the degradation and recycling of
obsolete and potentially noxious cytoplasmic materials, including proteins, lipids, and whole …

It has been known for some time that atherosclerotic lesions preferentially develop in areas
exposed to low SS and are characterized by a proinflammatory, apoptotic, and senescent …