Abstract Initialized Earth System predictions are made by starting a numerical prediction
model in a state as consistent as possible to observations and running it forward in time for …

Lake ice thickness (LIT) is important for regional hydroclimate systems, lake ecosystems,
and human activities on the ice, and is thought to be highly susceptible to global warming …

Profound changes in Arctic sea-ice, a growing desire to utilize the Arctic's abundant natural
resources, and the potential competitiveness of Arctic shipping routes, all provide for …

The current GFDL seasonal prediction system, the Seamless System for Prediction and
Earth System Research (SPEAR), has shown skillful prediction of Arctic sea ice extent with …

A new version of the AWI Coupled Prediction System is developed based on the Alfred
Wegener Institute Climate Model v3. 0. Both the ocean and the atmosphere models are …

While Arctic sea ice has been decreasing in recent decades that is largely due to
anthropogenic forcing, the extent of Antarctic sea ice showed a positive trend during 1979 …

To increase our capability to predict Arctic sea ice and climate, we have developed a
coupled atmosphere‐sea ice‐ocean model configured for the pan‐Arctic with sufficient …

There is a growing demand for skillful prediction systems in the Arctic. Using the Norwegian
Climate Prediction Model that combines the fully coupled Norwegian Earth System Model …

Antarctic sea ice plays an important role in the global climate system. In contrast to the rapid
decrease in Arctic sea ice extent, Antarctic sea ice extent exhibits a gradually increasing …

The current GFDL seasonal prediction system achieved retrospective sea ice extent (SIE)
skill without direct sea ice data assimilation. Here we develop sea ice data assimilation …