Honey bees are indispensable pollinators and model organisms for studying social
behavior, development and cognition. However, their eusociality makes it difficult to use …

In the postgenomics era, comparative genomics have advanced the understanding of
evolutionary processes of neuropeptidergic signaling systems. The evolutionary origin of …

Seasonal polyphenism enables organisms to adapt to environmental challenges by
increasing phenotypic diversity. Cacopsylla chinensis exhibits remarkable seasonal …

Phenacoccus solenopsis is one of the major polyphagous crop pests in India. Inadequate
genomic or transcriptomic resources have limited the molecular studies in this insect despite …

BACKGROUND Bursicon is a heterodimeric neuropeptide that is involved in many
physiological activities such as cuticle tanning, wing expansion, reproduction and immunity …

Ftz‐f1 is an orphan member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. A 20‐
hydroxyecdysone pulse allows ftz‐f1 gene expression, which then regulates the activity of …

BACKGROUND RNA interference (RNAi) is widely used in entomological research for
functional analysis of genes and is being considered as a new tool for insect pest …

Background In insects, continuous growth requires the periodic replacement of the
exoskeleton. Once the remains of the exoskeleton from the previous stage have been shed …

Seasonal polyphenism enables organisms to adapt to environmental challenges by
increasing phenotypic diversity. Cacopsylla chinensis exhibits remarkable seasonal …

Differences in the timing of exoskeleton melanization and sclerotization are evident when
comparing eusocial and solitary bees. This cuticular maturation heterochrony may be …