The introduction of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) cotton has reduced the burden of pests without
harming the environment and human health. However, the efficacy of Bt cotton has …

Abstract Transgenic cotton expressing Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) toxins is currently cultivated
on a large commercial scale in many countries, but observations have shown that it behaves …

The 'natural refuge strategy” for delaying insect resistance to transgenic cotton that produces
insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) relies on refuges of host plants other …

The present studies were carried out to evaluate resistance in the populations of Spodoptera
litura Fab.(Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) from five districts of Hunan Province in China to various …

Transgenic crops producing insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis
(Bt) are extensively cultivated worldwide. To counter rapidly increasing pest resistance to …

Transgenic crops producing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins kill some key insect pests, but
evolution of resistance by pests can reduce their efficacy. The predominant strategy for …

Only recently, due to a major reduction of broad-spectrum insecticide use in transgenic (Bt)
cotton in China, plant bugs (Heteroptera: Miridae) have emerged as key pests of this crop …

Transgenic crops producing insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) kill some
key insect pests, but evolution of resistance by pests can reduce their efficacy. The main …

Cotton is the main fiber producing crop globally, with a significant impact on the economy of
Pakistan. Bt cotton expressing a Cry1Ac gene is grown over a large area in Pakistan …

Cotton cultivation, often highlighted for its excessive consumption of plant protection
products, is taken as a model to illustrate the development of the ideas and practices of crop …