Given the large number of certification systems in the food industry, it is surprising that there
are only a few research approaches to the economics of certification. Certification schemes …

Informal sectors are larger in developing countries than in rich countries. This is a result of
higher fixed costs of entry into the formal economy in developing countries. We show that …

The economics of geographical indications (GIs) is assessed within a vertical product
differentiation framework that is consistent with the competitive structure of agriculture. It is …

In recent years, certification has become increasingly relevant for agribusiness. In Europe,
substantial parts of the value chain are already being certified by standards such as the …

Consumers are bombarded with labels and claims that are intended to address their
concerns about how food products are produced, processed, and regulated. Among those …

A three-stage game of production technology, signal and price competition is developed to
study the impact of eco-labeling, in a duopoly model of vertical product differentiation. The …

The existing eco-label landscape is fragmented because of the presence of numerous
labels with different standards and is a pre-competitive environment for firms to play in with …

Most food products can be classified as credence goods, and regulations exist to provide
consumers with a substitute for the lacking information and trust. Rather than having no …

This paper studies the welfare implications of different institutions certifying environmental
quality supplied by a monopoly. The monopolist can voluntarily certify the quality of the …

The urgency of environmental preservation necessitates green manufacturing and supply
chain advancements. This research examines a green supply chain problem influenced by …