Cancer development and its response to therapy are regulated by inflammation, which
either promotes or suppresses tumor progression, potentially displaying opposing effects on …

The growing field of immune metabolism has revealed promising indications for metabolic
targets to modulate anti-cancer immunity. Combination therapies involving metabolic …

Dendritic cells (DCs) are a diverse group of specialized antigen-presenting cells with key
roles in the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. As such …

Abstract Over 90 years ago, Otto Warburg's seminal discovery of aerobic glycolysis
established metabolic reprogramming as one of the first distinguishing characteristics of …

Abstract l-Tryptophan (Trp) metabolism through the kynurenine pathway (KP) is involved in
the regulation of immunity, neuronal function and intestinal homeostasis. Imbalances in Trp …

T-regulatory cells (Tregs) represent a unique subpopulation of helper T-cells by maintaining
immune equilibrium using various mechanisms. The role of T-cell receptors (TCR) in …

Breakthroughs in anti-tumor immunity have led to unprecedented advances in
immunotherapy, yet it is now clear that the tumor microenvironment (TME) restrains …

Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in the regulation of the balance between CD8 T cell
immunity vs. tolerance to tumor antigens. Cross-priming, a process which DCs activate CD8 …

Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease with high mortality due to difficulties in its early
diagnosis and metastasis. The tumor microenvironment induced by interactions between …

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic and heterogeneous autoimmune disease with
symmetrical polyarthritis as its critical clinical manifestation. The basic cause of autoimmune …