This article reviews the anatomical connections of the paraventricular nucleus of the
thalamus (PVT) and discusses some of the connections by which the PVT could influence …

Wakefulness and vigilance levels are required for maintaining purposeful activities and
motivated behaviours, which are often triggered by sensory information conveying external …

The brain anxiety network is composed of a number of interconnected cortical regions that
detect threats and execute appropriate defensive responses via projections to the shell of …

The hypothalamus is among the most phylogenetically conserved regions in the vertebrate
brain, reflecting its critical role in maintaining physiological and behavioural homeostasis. By …

One decade ago, our laboratory provided the first direct evidence linking orexin/hypocretin
signaling with drug seeking by showing that activation of these neurons promotes …

Orexin-A and-B (also known as hypocretin-1 and-2) are neuropeptides produced in the
lateral hypothalamus that promote many aspects of arousal through the OX1 and OX2 …

The hypocretins (H crts), also known as orexins, are two peptides derived from a single
precursor produced in the posterior lateral hypothalamus. Over the past decade, the orexin …

The neurochemical changes underlying human emotions and social behaviour are largely
unknown. Here we report on the changes in the levels of two hypothalamic neuropeptides …

Dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs) represent a novel type of sleep medication that
provide an alternative to the traditionally used positive allosteric gamma-aminobutyric acid …

Survival in a dangerous environment requires learning about stimuli that predict harm.
Although recent work has focused on the amygdala as the locus of aversive memory …