The ultimate goal of radiation oncology is to eradicate tumours without toxicity to non-
malignant tissues. FLASH radiotherapy, or the delivery of ultra-high dose rates of radiation …

Until recently, radiation effects have been considered to be mainly due to nuclear DNA
damage and their management by repair mechanisms. However, molecular biology studies …

Radiation therapy (RT) continues to play an important role in the treatment of cancer.
Adaptive RT (ART) is a novel method through which RT treatments are evolving. With the …

Radiation therapy is one of the most widely used therapies for malignancies. The
therapeutic use of heavy ions, such as carbon, has gained significant interest due to …

Radiotherapy should have low toxicity in the entrance channel (normal tissue) and be very
effective in cell killing in the target region (tumour). In this regard, ions heavier than protons …

Immunotherapy, specifically the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors, has
transformed the treatment of cancer, enabling long-term tumour control even in individuals …

Helium ion beam therapy for the treatment of cancer was one of several developed and
studied particle treatments in the 1950s, leading to clinical trials beginning in 1975 at the …

Enhancement of radiation effects by high-atomic number nanoparticles (NPs) has been
increasingly studied for its potential to improve radiotherapeutic efficacy. The underlying …

Radiation nephropathy (RN) is a kidney injury induced by ionizing radiation. In a clinical
setting, ionizing radiation is used in radiotherapy (RT). The use and the intensity of radiation …

Cancer therapy with accelerated charged particles is one of the most valuable biomedical
applications of nuclear physics. The technology has vastly evolved in the past 50 years, the …