I. Executive Summary Background The 5 years since the publication of the first International
Consensus Statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Rhinosinusitis (ICAR‐RS) has witnessed …

Recognition of the fact that bacterial biofilm may play a role in the pathogenesis of disease
has led to an increased focus on identifying diseases that may be biofilm-related. Biofilm …

1.1. Summary The European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020 is the
update of similar evidence based position papers published in 2005 and 2007 and 2012 (1 …

Resumo The European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020 is the
update of similar evidence based position papers published in 2005 and 2007 and 2012 …

Objective: This review aims to discuss the basic anatomy and physiology of the palatine and
pharyngeal tonsils, with reference to how this foundational understanding may affect patient …

Adenoids (nasopharyngeal tonsils), being part of Waldeyer's ring, are masses of lymphoid
tissues located at the junction of the roof and the posterior wall of the nasopharynx …

Hyperplasia of the pharyngeal tonsils is to be considered pathologic when nasopharyngeal
symptoms of mechanical obstruction and/or chronic inflammation occur. Chronic Eustachian …

Nasal polyps (NPs) are benign inflammatory masses causing chronic nasal obstruction,
usually associated with underlying chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), which are rarely reported in …

Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is an extremely common condition in the pediatric and adolescent
populations that can lead to various medical conditions, including acute rhinosusitis, with a …

In the last 20 years, growing interest in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) has become evident in
medical literature; nevertheless, it is still difficult to identify the real prevalence of the …