Over the past 20 years there has been an increasing number of brain imaging studies on the
mechanisms underlying reward motivation in humans. This narrative review describes …

The cerebellum generates internal prediction models and actively compares anticipated and
actual outcomes in order to reach a desired end state. In this process, reward can serve as a …

Reward and punishment motivate decision making and behavioral changes. Numerous
studies have examined regional activities during anticipation and outcome of win and loss in …

Abstract While the Sense of Agency (SoA)–the experience of controlling actions–is linked to
motoric processes, the effects of non-motoric cues remain uncertain. We performed a …

BACKGROUND The stomach-derived hormone ghrelin stimulates appetite, but the ghrelin
receptor is also expressed in brain circuits involved in motivation and reward. We examined …

Apathy is a disabling syndrome associated with poor functional outcomes that is common
across a broad range of neurological and psychiatric conditions. Currently, there are no …

Background and aims Fear of missing out (FOMO) promotes the desire or urge to stay
continuously connected with a social reference group and updated on their activities, which …

There is ample behavioral evidence that others' mere presence can affect any behavior in
human and non-human animals, generally facilitating the expression of mastered responses …

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies most commonly use cluster-based
inference to detect local changes in brain activity. Insufficient statistical power and …

Background and aims Compulsive sexual behavior disorder (CSBD) is characterized by
persistent patterns of failure to control sexual impulses resulting in repetitive sexual …