Glaucoma is a group of diseases characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration that
results in visual field loss and irreversible blindness. A crucial element in the …

c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) are a family of protein kinases that play a central role in
stress signaling pathways implicated in gene expression, neuronal plasticity, regeneration …

It has been over 20 years since JUN amino-terminal kinases (JNKs) were identified as
protein kinases that are strongly activated by cellular stress and that have a key role in …

Cerebral ischemia (stroke) triggers a complex series of biochemical and molecular
mechanisms that impairs the neurologic functions through breakdown of cellular integrity …

Oxidants are produced as a by-product of aerobic metabolism, and organisms ranging from
prokaryotes to mammals have evolved with an elaborate and redundant complement of …

Apoptosis plays a major role in shaping the developing nervous system during
embryogenesis as neuronal precursors differentiate to become post‐mitotic neurons …

Loss of parkin function is responsible for the majority of autosomal recessive parkinsonism.
Here, we show that parkin is not only a stress-protective, but also a stress-inducible protein …

Acute neurological conditions such as cerebrovascular diseases and trauma are associated
with irreversible loss of neurons and glial cells. Severe or prolonged injury results in …

With the contribution from more than one hundred CNS neurotrauma experts, this book
provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account on the latest developments in the area of …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by insufficient dopamine
production due to the loss of 50% to 70% of dopaminergic neurons. A shortage of dopamine …