" If a bud be torn from the branch of a tree and cut out and planted in the earth with a glass
cup inverted over it to prevent the exhalation from being at first greater than its power of …

Leaves are lateral determinate structures formed in a predictable sequence (phyllotaxy) on
the flanks of an indeterminate shoot apical meristem. The origin and evolution of leaves in …

Many plants dramatically elongate their stems during flowering, yet how this response is
coordinated with the reproductive phase is unclear. We demonstrate that microRNA …

A plant's lateral structures, such as leaves, branches and flowers, literally hinge on the shoot
axis, making its integrity and growth fundamental to plant form. In all plants, subapical …

The kinetics of elongation of individual internodes of maize stems were studied under field
conditions. Thermal time courses of internode length were recorded using non-destructive …

Kaplan's Principles of Plant Morphology defines the field of plant morphology, providing
resources, examples, and theoretical constructs that illuminate the foundations of plant …

Plant reproductive success depends on making fertile flowers but also upon developing
appropriate shoot internodes that optimally arrange and support the flowering shoot …

Regularity and periodicity in the arrangements of organs in all groups of land plants raise
questions about the mechanisms underlying phyllotactic pattern formation. The initiation of …

Bamboo, a significant carbon sink and eco-friendly resource, possesses substantial
economic value and ecological benefits. A single internode represents the fundamental unit …

Note: This paper, originally published in Aroideana Vol. 21, pp. 26–145 in 1998, is
periodically updated onto the IAS web page with current additions. Any mistakes, proposed …