Particle-stabilised or Pickering emulsions are versatile systems. In the past 10 years a new
application has emerged in the field of catalysis to use them as vehicles to carry out catalytic …

Living cells have evolved over billions of years to develop structural and functional
complexity with numerous intracellular compartments that are formed due to liquid–liquid …

Biological cells are highly organized, with numerous subcellular compartments.
Phosphorylation has been hypothesized as a means to control the assembly/disassembly of …

Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) in biology is a recently appreciated means of
intracellular compartmentalization. Because the mechanisms driving phase separations are …

Artificial bioreactors are desirable for in vitro biochemical studies and as protocells. A key
challenge is maintaining a favourable internal environment while allowing substrate entry …

Living cells contain numerous subcellular compartments, many of which lack membranous
boundaries and are thought to occur due to liquid–liquid phase coexistence. This review will …

Living cells possess membraneless organelles formed by liquid–liquid phase separation.
With the aim of better understanding the general functions of membraneless …

The importance of solution composition on enzymatic reactions is increasingly appreciated,
particularly with respect to macromolecular cosolutes. Macromolecular crowding and its …

Dynamic droplet formation via liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) is believed to be
involved in the regulation of various biological processes. Here, a model LLPS system …

Cellular crowding plays a key role in regulating the enzymatic reactivity in physiological
conditions, which is challenging to realize in the dilute phase. Enzymes drive a wide range …