This paper presents the Adaptive Calibration Model (ACM), an evolutionary–developmental
theory of individual differences in the functioning of the stress response system. The stress …

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and cortisol are the most abundant hormones of the
human fetal and adult adrenals released as end products of a tightly coordinated endocrine …

Stress is a part of every life to varying degrees, but individuals differ in their stress
vulnerability. Stress is usefully viewed from a biological perspective; accordingly, it involves …

This review discusses conceptual issues in relating temperament to psychopathology,
including the disputed relation of temperament to personality in children. A potential …

The stress response system is comprised of an intricate interconnected network that
includes the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenocortical (HPA) axis. The HPA axis maintains the …

This chapter describes the current state of knowledge regarding the developmental
neurobiology of stress, its relation to psychiatric disorders, and the impact of early adverse …

OBJECTIVE: To assess whether antisocial children are characterized by low heart rate.
METHOD: A meta-analysis was conducted on 45 independent effect sizes of the resting …

We study how maternal stress affects offspring outcomes. We find that in utero exposure to
elevated levels of the stress hormone cortisol negatively affects offspring cognition, health …

BACKGROUND: Evidence from animal and human studies suggests that early-life stress
such as physical maltreatment has long-lasting effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal …

Children with persistent antisocial and aggressive behavior are diagnosed as having
disruptive behavior disorder. The authors review evidence that antisocial children, and …