A review on IPMC material as actuators and sensors: fabrications, characteristics and applications

B Bhandari, GY Lee, SH Ahn - International journal of precision …, 2012 - Springer
In this paper we present a comprehensive review of ionic polymer metal composite (IPMC)
covering fundamentals of IPMC; from fabrication processes to control and applications …

A review of ionic polymeric soft actuators and sensors

Y Bahramzadeh, M Shahinpoor - Soft Robotics, 2014 - liebertpub.com
This article reviews properties and characteristics of soft ionic polymer–metal
nanocomposites as soft biomimetic multifunctional distributed robotic materials, soft …

Free-locomotion of underwater vehicles actuated by ionic polymer metal composites

M Aureli, V Kopman, M Porfiri - IEEE/ASME transactions on …, 2009 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
In this paper, we develop a modeling framework for studying free-locomotion of biomimetic
underwater vehicles propelled by vibrating ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs). The …

A biomimetic undulatory tadpole robot using ionic polymer–metal composite actuators

B Kim, DH Kim, J Jung, JO Park - Smart materials and structures, 2005 - iopscience.iop.org
The development of a wireless undulatory tadpole robot using ionic polymer–metal
composite (IPMC) actuators is presented. In order to improve the thrust of the tadpole robot …

The state of understanding of ionic polymer metal composite architecture: a review

R Tiwari, E Garcia - Smart Materials and Structures, 2011 - iopscience.iop.org
Ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) are electroactive polymers (EAPs) that are used as
soft actuators and sensors. Various mechanical or chemical manufacturing techniques, used …

A new fabrication method for IPMC actuators and application to artificial fingers

SJ Lee, MJ Han, SJ Kim, JY Jho… - Smart Materials and …, 2006 - iopscience.iop.org
IPMC (ionic polymer metal composite), a kind of ionic electroactive polymer (EAP), has been
used for various applications because it has light weight and can make large bending …

A robotic finger driven by twisted and coiled polymer actuator

KH Cho, MG Song, H Jung, J Park… - Electroactive …, 2016 - spiedigitallibrary.org
Previous studies reported that a twisted and coiled polymer actuator (TCA) generates strong
force and large stroke by heating. Nylon 6, 6 is known to be the most suitable polymer …

Performance improvement of IPMC (ionic polymer metal composites) for a flapping actuator

SG Lee, HC Park, D Pandita Surya… - International Journal of …, 2006 - koreascience.kr
In this paper, a trade-off design and fabrication of IPMC (Ionic Polymer Metal Composites) as
an actuator for a flapping device have been described. Experiments for the internal solvent …

An electromechanical model for sensing and actuation of ionic polymer metal composites

M Porfiri - Smart Materials and Structures, 2008 - iopscience.iop.org
Ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) are active materials that exhibit a bidirectional
electromechanical coupling. An IPMC is an electrolytic polymer membrane that is plated by …

[HTML][HTML] An airbrush 3D printer: Additive manufacturing of relaxor ferroelectric actuators

SIJ de Schepper, A Hunt - Additive Manufacturing, 2024 - Elsevier
The additive manufacturing of electroactive polymer (EAP) devices poses significant
challenges due to their distinct structure and dissimilar properties of their constituent …