Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) develops on the mucosal epithelium of the oral
cavity. It accounts for approximately 90% of oral malignancies and impairs appearance …

Exosomes have a crucial role in intercellular communication and mediate interactions
between tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Exosome-encapsulated …

Chemoresistance and metastasis are the major challenges for the current ovarian cancer
treatment. Understanding the mechanisms of ovarian cancer progression and metastasis is …

Exosomes are a novel class of intercellular signal modulators that contain a wide range of
molecules and deliver information between cells and tissues. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a type …

One of the most prevalent and lethal forms of gynecological cancer is ovarian cancer (OC),
which is often diagnosed in its latter, deadly stages. The OC's high mortality and …

Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynecological malignancies. Upon initial
diagnosis, the majority of patients present with widespread metastatic growth within the …

Noncoding RNA (ncRNA) transcripts that did not code proteins but regulate their functions
were extensively studied for the last two decades and the plethora of discoveries have …

As the standard treatments for cancer, chemotherapy and radiotherapy have been widely
applied to clinical practice worldwide. However, the resistance to cancer therapies is a major …

Trastuzumab is commonly used in the treatment of human epidermal growth factor receptor-
2 positive (HER-2+) breast cancer, but its efficacy is often limited by the emergence of …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate intercellular signaling and communication, allowing the
intercellular exchange of proteins, lipids, and genetic material. Their recognized role in the …