Ras is frequently mutated in cancer, however, there is a lack of consensus in the literature
regarding the cancer mutation frequency of Ras, with quoted values varying from 10%–30 …

RAF family protein kinases are a key node in the RAS/RAF/MAP kinase pathway, the
signaling cascade that controls cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival in response …

RAF kinases are essential effectors of RAS, but how RAS binding initiates the
conformational changes needed for autoinhibited RAF monomers to form active dimers has …

Simple Summary The Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK signaling pathway is responsible for regulating
cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Overexpression and overactivation of …

Simple Summary A better understanding of the role of KRAS and its different mutations has
led to the development of specific small-molecule inhibitors able to target KRAS G12C, an …

Here, we discuss the principles of allosteric activating mutations, propagation downstream of
the signals that they prompt, and allosteric drugs, with examples from the Ras signaling …

The RAS GTPases are frequently mutated in human cancer, with KRAS being the
predominant tumor driver. For many years, it has been known that the structure and function …

Abstract The HRAS, NRAS, and KRAS genes are collectively mutated in a fifth of all human
cancers. These mutations render RAS GTP-bound and active, constitutively binding effector …

Oncogenic KRAS mutations occur in approximately 30% of lung adenocarcinoma. Despite
several decades of effort, oncogenic KRAS-driven lung cancer remains difficult to treat, and …

KRAS, which is mutated in∼ 30% of all cancers, activates the RAF-MEK-ERK signaling
cascade. CRAF is required for growth of KRAS mutant lung tumors, but the requirement for …