Objective Since the last epidemiologic review of neuromyelitis optica/neuromyelitis optica
spectrum disorder (NMO/NMOSD), 22 additional studies have been conducted. We …

The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis is based on neurological symptoms and signs, alongside
evidence of dissemination of CNS lesions in space and time. MRI is often sufficient to …

Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) frequently show symptoms of central
nervous system (CNS) involvement, termed neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE). The CNS …

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory CNS syndrome distinct from multiple
sclerosis (MS) that is associated with serum aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G antibodies …

There is growing recognition that B cell contributions to normal immune responses extend
well beyond their potential to become antibody-producing cells, including roles at the innate …

Autoantibodies are frequently observed in healthy individuals. In a minority of these
individuals, they lead to manifestation of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis …

Acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) is a disabling, polio-like illness mainly affecting children.
Outbreaks of AFM have occurred across multiple global regions since 2012, and the disease …

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare inflammatory CNS disease that
primarily manifests as relapsing episodes of severe optic neuritis and myelitis. Diagnosis of …

Objective: To evaluate clinical features among patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum
disorders (NMOSD) who have myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies …

Background and Objective There are few studies comparing lesion evolution across different
CNS demyelinating diseases, yet knowledge of this may be important for diagnosis and …