The vascular endothelium is a dynamic, functionally complex organ, modulating multiple
biological processes, including vascular tone and permeability, inflammatory responses …

Reactive hyperemia is a well-established technique for noninvasive assessment of
peripheral microvascular function and a predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular morbidity …

Premature cardiovascular disease (CVD), including stroke, peripheral vascular disease,
sudden death, coronary artery disease, and congestive heart failure, is a notorious problem …

In ESRD, arterial function is abnormal, characterized by decreased capacitive function
(arterial stiffening) and reduced conduit function, shown by diminished flow-mediated …

Patients affected by chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end-stage renal disease (ESRD)
experience a huge cardiovascular risk and cardiovascular events represent the leading …

Endothelial dysfunction is characterized by a reduction in nitric oxide generation or an
unbalanced distribution of the relaxing and contracting pressures produced by endothelial …

Objective—Reactive hyperemia is the compensatory increase in blood flow that occurs after
a period of tissue ischemia, and this response is blunted in patients with cardiovascular risk …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a relentlessly progressive disease with a very high
mortality mainly due to cardiovascular complications. Endothelial dysfunction is well …

Studies in animals show that fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-23 interferes with vascular
reactivity induced by the nitric oxide (NO) system. To investigate the relationship between …

Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of morbidity and premature mortality in chronic
kidney disease. While it is well established that patients with kidney failure (chronic kidney …