The largest obstacle to the cost-competitive production of low-value and high-impact
biofuels and biochemicals (called biocommodities) is high production costs catalyzed by …

Scientific progress in the field of enzyme modification today enables the opportunity to tune
a given biocatalyst for a specific industrial application. Much work has been focused on …

Highly efficient cell-free enzymatic systems are typically difficult to achieve in traditional
immobilized enzyme systems because of the lack of optimal spatial control of enzyme …

Commercial biocatalysis requires robust enzymes that can withstand elevated temperatures
and long incubations. Ancestral reconstruction has shown that pre-Cambrian enzymes were …

d-Allulose, which can be used as a food additive or functional food, is an important low-
calorie functional rare sugar. The current commercial production of d-allulose is performed …

Cost-efficient production of sustainably-derived biochemicals and biofuels is a critical goal of
modern biotechnology. The current predominant biotransformation method is mainly based …

The sustainability revolution is the defining challenge of our time to meet increasing needs
in the energy− food− water nexus without compromising the ability of next generations. To …

Approximately 50 million metric tons of dihydrogen are produced annually from
nonrenewable natural gas, petroleum, and coal.[1] H2 production from water remains …

The advent of modern technologies has inspired biotechnologists to shift towards in vitro
approaches that utilize cell-free environments for the generation of biochemicals and …

Since biofuels is a hot topic, many researchers new to this field are eager to propose
different solutions while they often seem not to have full understanding of the current status …