Abstract The United States has made a significant effort and investment in STEM education,
yet the size and the composition of the STEM workforce continues to fail to meet demand. It …

Gender differences in spatial aptitude are well established by adulthood, particularly when
measured by tasks that require the mental rotation of objects (Linn & Petersen, 1985; Voyer …

Surprising new findings indicate that many conclusions about sex differences and
similarities in cognitive abilities need to be reexamined. Cognitive sex differences are …

The United States is currently not producing enough graduates in science, technology,
engineering, and math (STEM) fields to meet the demands of a technology-dependent …

Human brain development occurs within a socioeconomic context and childhood
socioeconomic status (SES) influences neural development—particularly of the systems that …

Behavioral scientists routinely publish broad claims about human psychology and behavior
in the world's top journals based on samples drawn entirely from Western, Educated …

The importance of spatial ability in educational pursuits and the world of work was
examined, with particular attention devoted to STEM (science, technology, engineering, and …

Cognitive scientists have ramped up online testing in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Although research conducted online solves the problem of data collection, the paucity of …

There is evidence suggesting that children's play with spatial toys (eg, puzzles and blocks)
correlates with spatial development. Females play less with spatial toys than do males …

This study focuses on three main goals: First, 3‐year‐olds' spatial assembly skills are
probed using interlocking block constructions (N= 102). A detailed scoring scheme provides …