This review begins with a discussion of the large family of Staphylococcus aureus and beta-
hemolytic streptococcal pyrogenic toxin T lymphocyte superantigens from structural and …

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a Gram positive bacterium that is carried by about one
third of the general population and is responsible for common and serious diseases. These …

This article reviews the literature regarding the structure and function of two types of
exotoxins expressed by Staphylococcus aureus, pyrogenic toxin superantigens (PTSAgs) …

▪ Abstract Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is an acute onset illness characterized by fever, rash
formation, and hypotension that can lead to multiple organ failure and lethal shock, as well …

Staphylococcus aureus produces a virulence factor, protein A (SpA), that contains five
homologous Ig-binding domains. The interactions of SpA with the Fab region of membrane …

The bacterial superantigens are protein toxins that bind to major histocompatibility complex
class II and T‐cell receptor to stimulate large numbers of T cells. The majority are produced …

Superantigens (SAgs) are the most powerful T cell mitogens ever discovered.
Concentrations of less than 0· 1 pg/ml of a bacterial superantigen are sufficient to stimulate …

Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) and related superantigenic toxins produced by
Staphylococcus aureus are potent activators of the immune system. These protein toxins …

Superantigens (SAgs) are a family of potent immunostimulatory exotoxins known to be
produced by only a few bacterial pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus. More than …

Background: The skin of patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) exhibits a striking susceptibility
to colonization with Staphylococcus aureus. Some strains of S aureus secrete exotoxins with …