Fibrosis progression in the lung commonly results in impaired functional gas exchange,
respiratory failure, or even death. In addition to the aberrant activation and differentiation of …

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has elicited a swift response by the
scientific community to elucidate the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome …

Purpose Macrophages are highly plastic cells. Under different stimuli, macrophages can be
polarized into several different subsets. Two main macrophage subsets have been …

Inflammation and its resolution is under-studied in medicine despite being essential for
understanding the development of chronic inflammatory disease. In this review article, we …

Despite development in the understanding of the pathogenesis of acute lung injury
(ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the underlying mechanism still needs to …

Macrophages play an important role in the innate and adaptive immune responses of organ
systems, including the lungs, to particles and pathogens. Cumulative results show that …

Vimentin is an intermediate filament protein that plays key roles in integration of cytoskeletal
functions, and therefore in basic cellular processes such as cell division and migration …

Pneumonia is a type of acute lower respiratory infection that is common and severe. The
outcome of lower respiratory infection is determined by the degrees to which immunity is …

Macrophages are cells that mediate both innate and adaptive immunity reactions, playing a
major role in both physiological and pathological processes. Systemic SARS-CoV-2 …

Acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) is characterized by
uncontrolled progressive lung inflammation. Macrophages serve a key role in the …