Introduction The treatment algorithm of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has
evolved since the introduction of immunotherapy. The IMbrave150 trial set atezolizumab …

The function of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in cancer is not limited to
angiogenesis and vascular permeability. VEGF-mediated signalling occurs in tumour cells …

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a common and lethal malignancy resulting in
more than 250,000 deaths per year worldwide. Despite extensive efforts, cytotoxic and …

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are transmembrane cell-surface proteins that act as signal
transducers. They regulate essential cellular processes like proliferation, apoptosis …

The purpose of this review is to present the current state of the role of imaging in
photodynamic therapy (PDT). For the reader to fully appreciate the context of the discussions …

BACKGROUND:: Bevacizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody that was
approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in February 2004 for use as part of …

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent angiogenic factor and was first
described as an essential growth factor for vascular endothelial cells. VEGF is up-regulated …

Purpose Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays a key role in the biology and
prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Inhibitors of VEGF suppress the growth of pancreatic cancer …

Investigations over the last decade have established the essential role of growth factors and
their receptors during angiogenesis and carcinogenesis. The vascular endothelial growth …

Pancreatic cancer is characterized by excessive desmoplastic reaction and by a hypoxic
microenvironment within the solid tumor mass. Chronic pancreatitis is also characterized by …