This article presents an overview of time-resolved (lifetime) fluorescence techniques used in
biomedical diagnostics. In particular, we review the development of time-resolved …

Background Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) is a technique used to enhance
visualization of tumor margins in order to increase the extent of tumor resection in glioma …

Described herein are methods and systems for analyzing a sample by applying time
resolved laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy to the sample to measure lifetime time …

Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) was born 54 years ago, in 1960, when
Bollinger and Thomas published a paper on the 'Measurement of Time Dependence of …

Background Inadvertent removal of parathyroid glands is a challenge in endocrine
operations. There is a critical need for a diagnostic tool that provides sensitive, real-time …

Objective Fluorescence guidance has a demonstrated potential in maximizing the extent of
high-grade glioma resection. Different fluorophores (fluorescent biomarkers), including 5 …

Visualization of biological processes and pathologic conditions at the cellular and tissue
levels largely relies on the use of fluorescence intensity signals from fluorophores or their …

When light is incident to a biological tissue surface, combinations of optical processes occur,
such as reflection, absorption, elastic and non-elastic scattering, and fluorescence. Analysis …

Significance: Although the clinical potential for Raman spectroscopy (RS) has been
anticipated for decades, it has only recently been used in neurosurgery. Still, few devices …

Biomedical optics is a broadly interdisciplinary field at the interface of optical engineering,
biophysics, computer science, medicine, biology, and chemistry, helping us understand light …