DNA nanotechnology has progressed from proof-of-concept demonstrations of structural
design towards application-oriented research. As a natural material with excellent self …

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is evolving into a widely used prognostic and predictive biomarker,
particularly in oncology. However, its versatile clinical use precedes a profound …

Biomacromolecular therapeutic agents, particularly proteins, antigens, enzymes, and nucleic
acids are emerging as powerful candidates for the treatment of various diseases and the …

Phagocytosis, the regulated uptake of large particles (> 0.5 μm in diameter), is essential for
tissue homeostasis and is also an early, critical component of the innate immune response …

Cell-free DNA (cf. DNA) is a powerful noninvasive biomarker for cancer and prenatal testing,
and it circulates in plasma as short fragments. To elucidate the biology of cf. DNA …

Apoptosis is characterized by a series of dramatic perturbations to the cellular architecture
that contribute not only to cell death, but also prepare cells for removal by phagocytes and …

Organisms throughout biology need to maintain the integrity of their genome. From bacteria
to vertebrates, life has established sophisticated mechanisms to detect and eliminate foreign …

Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in human plasma is a class of biomarkers with many current and
potential future diagnostic applications. Recent studies have shown that cfDNA molecules …

Histone H2AX phosphorylation on a serine four residues from the carboxyl terminus
(producing γH2AX) is a sensitive marker for DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). DSBs may …

Summary 'Stresses' that impact upon seeds can affect plant reproduction and productivity,
and, hence, agriculture and biodiversity. In the absence of a clear definition of plant stress …