Although seasonal influenza viruses circulate globally, prevention and treatment occur at the
level of regions, cities, and communities. At these scales, the timing, duration and magnitude …

Current influenza virus vaccines have to be closely matched to circulating strains to provide
good protection, and antigenic drift and emerging pandemic influenza virus strains present a …

Background Influenza virus remains a threat to human health, but gaps remain in our
knowledge of the humoral correlates of protection against influenza virus A/H3N2, limiting …

Background Serological surveys are used to ascertain influenza infection and immunity, but
evidence for the utility of mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA) as a correlate of infection or …

Background: Seasonal influenza is often considered by many to be a minor inconvenience
that can result in temporary discomfort and loss of productivity. While most individuals who …

The avian influenza A virus (AIV) is naturally prevalent in aquatic birds, infecting different
avian species and transmitting from birds to humans. Both AIVs, the H5N1 and H7N9 …