Depression is the most common neuropsychiatric complication in HIV-infected patients and
may occur in all phases of the infection. Accurately, diagnosing major depressive disorder in …

Although, the drug delivery system (DDS) concept is not new, great progress has recently
been made in the treatment of a variety of diseases. Targeting delivery of drugs to the …

Approximately 40 million people worldwide are infected with human immunodeficiency virus
(HIV). Despite HIV's known propensity to infect the CNS and cause neurological disease …

Background India has around 2.27 million adults living with HIV/AIDS who face several
challenges in the medical management of their disease. Stigma, discrimination and …

Background Microglia provide continuous immune surveillance of the CNS and upon
activation rapidly change phenotype to express receptors that respond to chemoattractants …

Abstract Neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis and Ca2+ signaling regulate multiple neuronal
functions, including synaptic transmission, plasticity, and cell survival. Therefore …

Chemokines–chemotactic cytokines–are small secreted proteins that attract and activate
immune and non-immune cells in vitro and in vivo. It has been suggested that chemokines …

Neurological disorders develop in most people infected with human immunodeficiency virus
type 1 (HIV-1). However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we …

Four continuous cell lines of human microglial cells were obtained by transfection of
enriched cultures of human embryonic brain-derived macrophages with a plasmid encoding …

Microglia, as phagocytes and antigen-presenting cells in the central nervous system, are
activated in such disease processes as stroke and multiple sclerosis. Because peripheral …