Iran, a country in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, has been actively
involved in the fight against HIV/AIDS over the past three decades. The unique features of …

Iran has been one of the active countries fighting against HIV/AIDS in the Middle East during
the last decades. Moreover, there is a strong push to strengthen the national health …

Background Stigma against HIV profoundly affects the quality of life (QOL) of people living
with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). We aimed to assess the factors associated with QOL in PLWHA in …

Background Antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens containing integrase strand transfer
inhibitors (INSTIs) have become the recommended treatment for human immunodeficiency …

HIV strains continuously evolve, tend to recombine, and new circulating variants are being
discovered. Novel strains complicate efforts to develop a vaccine against HIV and may …

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection remains a severe public health
problem worldwide. In this study, we investigated the distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and the …

After its identification in 1980s, HIV has infected more than 30 million people worldwide. In
the era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy, anti-retroviral drug resistance results from …

Objective: We sought to define the prevalence of pretreatment integrase strand transfer
inhibitor (INSTI) resistance and assess the transmission networks of those with pretreatment …

Background The rate of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection in Iran has
increased dramatically in the past few years. While the earliest cases were among …

Background Genotypic drug resistance testing for HIV-1 has been integrated into voluntary
counselling and testing (VCT) programmes to investigate the trends of transmitted drug …